Susil, R.C.Camphausen, K.Choyke, P.McVeigh, E. R.Gustafson, G. S.Ning, H.Miller, R. W.Atalar, ErginColeman, C. N.Ménard, C.2016-02-082016-02-0820040740-3194http://hdl.handle.net/11693/24226A technique for transperineal high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy and needle biopsy in a standard 1.5 T MRI scanner is demonstrated. In each of eight procedures (in four patients with intermediate to high risk localized prostate cancer), four MRI-guided transperineal prostate biopsies were obtained followed by placement of 14-15 hollow transperineal catheters for HDR brachytherapy. Mean needle-placement accuracy was 2.1 mm, 95% of needle-placement errors were less than 4.0 mm, and the maximum needle-placement error was 4.4 mm. In addition to guiding the placement of biopsy needles and brachytherapy catheters, MR images were also used for brachytherapy treatment planning and optimization. Because 1.5 T MR images are directly acquired during the interventional procedure, dependence on deformable registration is reduced and online image quality is maximized.EnglishBiopsyBrachytherapyInterventional MRIMRIProstateProstatic neoplasmsCancer radiotherapyDiagnostic approach routeArticle10.1002/mrm.201381522-2594