Bozdogan, O.Vargel, I.Cavusoglu, T.Karabulut, A. A.Karahan, G.Sayar, N.Atasoy, P.Yulug, I. G.2018-04-122018-04-122016-070344-0338http://hdl.handle.net/11693/36782Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) are common human carcinomas. Despite having metastasizing capacities, they usually show less aggressive progression compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of other organs. Metastasis suppressor proteins (MSPs) are a group of proteins that control and slow-down the metastatic process. In this study, we established the importance of seven well-defined MSPs including NDRG1, NM23-H1, RhoGDI2, E-cadherin, CD82/KAI1, MKK4, and AKAP12 in cSCCs. Protein expression levels of the selected MSPs were detected in 32 cSCCs, 6 in situ SCCs, and two skin cell lines (HaCaT, A-431) by immunohistochemistry. The results were evaluated semi-quantitatively using the HSCORE system. In addition, mRNA expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR in the cell lines. The HSCOREs of NM23-H1 were similar in cSCCs and normal skin tissues, while RGHOGDI2, E-cadherin and AKAP12 were significantly downregulated in cSCCs compared to normal skin. The levels of MKK4, NDRG1 and CD82 were partially conserved in cSCCs. In stage I SCCs, nuclear staining of NM23-H1 (NM23-H1nuc) was significantly lower than in stage II/III SCCs. Only nuclear staining of MKK4 (MKK4nuc) showed significantly higher scores in in situ carcinomas compared to invasive SCCs. In conclusion, similar to other human tumors, we have demonstrated complex differential expression patterns for the MSPs in in-situ and invasive cSCCs. This complex MSP signature warrants further biological and experimental pathway research.EnglishA-431HaCaTMetastasis suppressor proteinsSkinSquamous cell carcinomaAKAP12 proteinCD82 antigenMessenger RNAMetastasis suppressor proteinMitogen activated protein kinase kinase 4NDRG1 proteinNucleoside diphosphate kinase ARhoGDI2 proteinTumor suppressor proteinUnclassified drugUvomorulinCadherinTumor markerTumor suppressor proteinA 431 cell lineCancer cell lineCancer stagingCarcinoma in situCell nucleusClinical articleControlled studyDown regulationFemaleGene expressionHaCaT cell lineHumanHuman cellHuman tissueImmunohistochemistryMaleProtein expressionReverse transcription polymerase chain reactionScoring systemSkin carcinomaSquamous cell carcinomaCarcinoma in situGene expression regulationKeratinocyteMetabolismPathologySkin tumorSquamous cell carcinomaTumor cell lineBiomarkers, TumorCadherinsCarcinoma in SituCarcinoma, Squamous CellCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticArticle10.1016/j.prp.2015.12.018