Aydın, KorayZhaofeng, LiŞahin, LeventÖzbay, Ekmel2016-02-082016-02-0820081094-4087http://hdl.handle.net/11693/26885We demonstrate a polarization independent negative-index metamaterial (NIM) at microwave frequencies. Transmission measurements and simulations predict a left-handed transmission band with negative permittivity and negative permeability. A negative-index is verified by using the retrieval procedure. Effective parameters of single-layer and twolayer NIMs are shown to be different. Negative phase advance is verified within the negative-index regime by measuring the phase shift between different sized negative-index metamaterials. Backward wave propagation is observed in the numerical simulations at frequencies where the phase advance is negative. ©2008 Optical Society of America.EnglishComputer simulationMaterials scienceMeasurementsPolarizationProduction platformsBackward wave propagationEffective parametersLeft-handed (CRLH) transmissionMetamaterial (MM)Metamaterials (MTM)Multilayer (ML)Negative permeabilityNegative permittivityNegative phaseNegative-indexNumerical simulationsPolarization independentRetrieval (MIR)Single layersTransmission measurementsElectronic equipmentLightMaterials testingMethodologyOpticsRadiation scatteringRrefractometryTheoretical modelConference Paper10.1364/OE.16.008835