Bastard, PaulGervais, AdrianTaniguchi, MakiSaare, LiisaSärekannu, KaritaVoyer, Tom lePhilippot, QuentinRosain, JeremieBizien, LucyAsano, TakakiGarcia-Prat, MarinaParra-Martínez, AlbaMigaud, MélanieTsumura, MiyukiConti, FrancescaBelot, AlexandreRivière, Jacques G.Morio, TomohiroTanaka, JunkoJavouhey, EtienneHaerynck, FilomeenDuvlis, SotirijaÖzçelik, TayfunKeles, SevgiRedondo, yacine tandjaoui-lambiotteEscoda, SimonHusain, MayaPan-Hammarström, QiangHammarström, LennartGloria, AhlijahHaidar, Anthony ABISoudee, CamilleAbolhassani, HassanSahanic, SabinaTancevski, IvanNukui, YokoHayakawa, SeiichiChrousos, George P.Michos, AthanasiosTatsi, ElizabethFilippatos, FilipposRodriguez-Palmero, AgustiGarcía, Jesús TroyaTipu, ImranMeyts, IsabelleRoussel, LucieOstrowski, Sisse RyeSchidlowski, LairePrando, CarolinaCondino-Neto, AntonioCheikh, NathalieBousfiha, Ahmed AzizBakkouri, Jalila ELPeterson, PärtPujol, AuroraLévy, RomainQuartier, PierreVinh, Donald C.Boisson, BertrandBéziat, VivienZhang, Shen-YingBorghesi, AlessandroPession, AndreaAndreakos, EvangelosMarr, NicoMentis, Alexios-FotiosMogensen, Trine HyrupRodríguez-Gallego, CarlosSoler-Palacín, PereColobran, RogerTillmann, ValloNeven, BenedicteTrouillet-Assant, SophieBrodin, PetterAbel, LaurentJouanguy, EmmanuelleZhang, QianMartinon-Torres, FedericoSalas, AntonioGómez-Carballa, AlbertoGonzalez-Granado, Luis IgnacioKisand, KaiOkada, SatoshiPuel, AnneCobat, AurélieCasanova, Jean-Laurent2025-02-262025-02-262024-01-040022-1007https://hdl.handle.net/11693/116859We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 2 in 10 patients: IFN-alpha 2 only in three, IFN-alpha 2 plus IFN-omega in five, and IFN-alpha 2, IFN-omega plus IFN-beta in two; IFN-omega only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-alpha 2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-omega in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-. only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-omega and/or IFN-alpha 2.EnglishCC BY 4.0 DEED (Attribution 4.0 International)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/COVID-19ImmunodeficiencyInfectious disease and host defenseInnate immunity and inflammationArticle10.1084/jem.202313531540-9538