Browsing by Subject "Ottoman History"
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Item Embargo Marriage and divorce in early twentieth century Ottoman society : the law of family rights of 1917(2014) Altınbaş, NihanAs a result of reforms, related socioeconomic changes, and wars, at the turn of the 20th century, problems related to family matters were demanding in the late Ottoman Empire. People were confused over issues of marriage, divorce, alimony, and inheritance. Muslim jurists and politicians thus eventually became aware of the need for change in Islamic family law. Besides, legal modernization and the use of law as a tool for social control—for the processes of nation building, the creation of the Ottoman citizen, and the establishment of a new family structure—in the late Ottoman Empire had changed the Ottoman legal culture and required a reform in all areas of Islamic law including the family law. Despite their importance, the issues of family law remain understudied for the late Ottoman Empire. The general historiography focuses on visible political institutions, diplomatic events, and intellectual currents. Besides, an equation of the West with progress and modernity and of the East with stagnation and tradition, which still dominates much of the discussion on family law reform, obscures the possible explanations. Hence, the main objective of this work is the presentation and exploration of the legal, political, sociocultural, and economic contexts of the family law reform and the reformed law’s application in the new Ottoman legal culture to examine the compatibility between legal innovation and the needs of state and society.Item Open Access Michał Czajkowski (Sadık Pasha) and his Cossack Cavalry regiment(2013) Büyük, SaadetThis study mentions about the history of Poland that was deleted from the map of Europe in 1795, also mentions about the Ottoman History at a different perspective. For Polish study areas this perspective is allowed by studying on 19th century Polish history through the eyes of Turkish researcher and Ottoman archival documents, while for the Turkish study areas by studying on Polish sources and analyzing the Polish scholars. 19th century Europe, Russia and Ottoman History is combined with political events on the battlefield: Crimean War, on the argument: Refugees Question. Growing up in szlachta family after attending nationalist movement- November Uprising- Poles, under the pressure of Russia, were forced to flee their country. In the context of period, Michal Czajkowski is an example of freedom fighter immigrants. After November Uprising, his political missions continued in France, from there he took refuge in the Ottoman Empire. When he accepted islam and got the name Sadık Pasha, he was refused as being a Polish agent. He became the ‘Sadık’ Pasha in the Ottoman army. Many sources about Sadık Pasha and Cossack Cavalry Regiment in Polish, European and Turkish were analyzed, this thesis is extensive study about the regiment. His practices as a commander of the Ottoman Empire and his struggle as freedom fighter detailly examinedItem Open Access Reflections of an external world in the Ottoman mind : the production and transmission of knowledge in the 18th Ottoman society(2011) Tekgül, NilThis thesis attempts to investigate Ottoman “perception of knowledge”. The construction of collective perception of knowledge, various knowledge concepts, spaces for knowledge production, modes and channels of transmission are analyzed. It discusses the role of oral and written modes of transmission and claims that the loosening classical organizational structure of the Empire and the social transformation experienced in the 18th century, had an impact on the society’s perception of knowledge. It is assumed in this thesis that knowledge was being transmitted by three different layers of society, namely “high-ranking professionals”, “secondary professionals” and the “public”. The main argument of this thesis is being tested by the empirical data showing the professional status of knowledge transmitters, the books they owned, and the contents of the books which were classified with respect to the kind of knowledge they possessed. The empirical data used consists of 2 registers of kısmet-i askeriye, individual distinct records chosen from Ba!bakanlık Osmanlı Ar!ivi Ba! Muhasebe Kalemi dating the first half of 18th century, and one Üsküdar court record. This thesis carries the previous research done on “Ottoman book culture” one step further for a better and meaningful interpretation of the results, and views the role of books from the perspective of perception of knowledge. Thus, it also hopes to provide an insight to the question of “Why did printing come late to Ottoman world?” that has occupied the minds of Ottoman historians for half a century.