Browsing by Subject "Indoor soundscape"
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Item Open Access Audio-visual perception of outpatients in an oncology polyclinic(2022-06) Uğurlu, M. ZeynepThis study aims to analyze the effects of auditory and visual perception in a hospital environment to provide comfort for the outpatients. The research focused on the waiting area of an oncology polyclinic. The binaural audio recordings and 360° photographs were taken from three different locations (reception area, courtyard area, and corridor) on the site. Audio recordings were visualized through signal processing, and the photographs were evaluated through image analysis via MATLAB to show the auditory and visual differences among the locations. These three locations differed from each other in their auditory and visual environments. Regarding the hospital auditory environment, sound sources are human activity-related and technology-based. The reception area has an indoor opening, the courtyard area has indoor and outdoor openings, and the corridor area has none. Voluntary oncology outpatients in three locations in the polyclinic were given questionnaires (n=66) and interviewed (n=20). Questionnaires were analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics, and interviews were analyzed with the Grounded Theory method in ATLAS.ti software. Equivalent Continuous A-Weighted Sound Level (LAeq) measurements were taken within the interview hours and at one-hour intervals from three locations. The questionnaire revealed that the courtyard area is calmer and more pleasant than the other areas. The conceptual framework created with semi-structured interviews showed how the auditory and visual environments affect the outpatients' perception. The conceptual framework revealed audio-visual perceptions in the hospital environment with the existing condition and outpatients' preferences and proposed suggestions for a hospital environment.Item Open Access Auditory environment in the museums: the case of Erimtan archaeology and arts museum(Institute of Noise Control Engineering(INCE), 2019-06) Yılmazer, Semiha; Orhan, CemreThe aim of this paper is to conduct a qualitative research to clarify the auditory environment in the museums. Research has taken place in the Erimtan Archaeology and Arts Museum which exhibits more than 2000 objects from Yüksel Erimtan’s collection of Anatolian archaeological artifacts. It is located near the main gate of Ankara Castle. While the scale and the façade of the building are connected contextually to its historic environment, the interior provides the contemporary experience to its visitors. Grounded Theory (GT) is used in this paper to create a conceptual framework, and clarify visitors’ perception of the soundscape in the museums. Semi-structured interviews are held with participants who are chosen among the visitors after they tour the museum on their own, until the data reaches theoretical saturation. Constant comparison method is used for analyzing the data and creating a conceptual framework which is compared with previous studies and the ISO 12913-1: 2014. According to the findings, context is determined as one of the core categories similarly to other studies. And some categories differ because of the various function of indoor space.Item Open Access Combining Grounded Theory (GT) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze indoor soundscape in historical spaces(Elsevier, 2019) Acun, Volkan; Yılmazer, SemihaThis paper reports the findings of indoor soundscape research that was conducted in a historical museum setting. The study took place in the historic caravanserai of Cengelhan, which is currently a part of the Rahmi Koc Museum. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to capture visitors’ subjective museum experience and understand the role of the sound environment. In this sense, the research is divided into two parts: Grounded Theory (GT) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). For the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews were held as part of GT, to create a conceptual framework that reflects visitors’ perception of the indoor soundscape of the museum. Hypotheses were derived from this conceptual framework based on the patterns between the categories of the conceptual model. In the second part, this model was tested for statistical significance and path correlations through the SEM method. The core categories of the conceptual framework are similar to the previous research, mainly the categories of Context, Interpretation, and Outcomes. The SEM analysis showed that categories of Expectation and Preference were not significantly associated with the Built or Sound Environment. Findings showed that a positive interpretation of the sound environment could create a livable environment with a unique atmosphere which would increase visitors’ interaction with the museum and positively affect their experience.Item Open Access A comparative study on prediction of the indoor soundscape in museums via machine learning(Institute of Noise Control Engineering(INCE), 2019-06) Yılmazer, Semiha; Yılmazer, Cengiz; Acun, VolkanThis paper presents the preliminary findings of a soundscape research, which uses machine learning to make a prediction about human perception for indoor auditory environments. Museums of Çengelhan Rahmi Koc and Erim Tan are selected as the case study settings for data collection. The survey questionnaire basically consisted of three parts which are concerned with identifying the socio-cultural status, the personal tendencies, and evaluation of the physical and auditory environment. Before constructing of grounding the predictive model, data went through analyses to normalize and to eliminate the irrelevant items. Preliminary findings demonstrated how an indoor auditory environment would be perceived based on the individuals’ socio-cultural status, tendencies, preference and expectation from the space and physical elements of the space with together constructing a preliminary grounding model to use Machine / Deep learning algorithm.Item Open Access Grounded theory approach on audio-visual perception of users in a university cafeteria(2024-05) Syed, Shomaila FatimaThe study aimed to create a conceptual framework for audio-visual perception in cafeteria environments by comparing four locations with distinct audio-visual characteristics in a cafeteria at Bilkent University, Türkiye. An exploratory study was conducted using ISO 12913-2 Soundscape Method C semi-structured interviews and analyzed via the Grounded Theory (GT) method with ATLAS.ti software. To assess the perceived environment, an ISO 12913-2 Soundscape Method A questionnaire survey was administered, Equivalent Continuous A-weighted Sound Levels (LAeq) were monitored, and signal analysis generated spectrograms and time histories. Additionally, image analysis evaluated the visual environment. These measurements and responses were used to assess the Perceived Affective Quality (PAQ) of the current environment. The resulting conceptual framework revealed a complex interplay between audio-visual contextual aspects, showing that auditory perceptions are influenced by more than just sound levels. Perceptions of sound level and source varied with different audio-visual contexts. The framework indicated that natural sounds and views reduced negative soundscapes and increased user preference. Negative responses to excessive noise and disruptive sounds highlighted the adverse effects of an unfavorable acoustic environment on comfort and satisfaction. Users employed distraction and coping mechanisms to transform negative responses into neutral or positive perceptions. Participants generally expected visual elements that enhance comfort, such as nature views, indoor plants, fewer crowds, artwork, cheerful socializing, more empty seats, clean surfaces, well-arranged furniture, and larger tables.Item Open Access A grounded theory approach to assess indoor soundscape in historic religious spaces of Anatolian culture: A case study on Hacı Bayram Mosque(SAGE Publications, 2018) Yılmazer, Semiha; Acun, VolkanThis study presents a research that is concerned with the indoor soundscape in historical mosque. Hacı Bayram Mosque and its surroundings area of Hamamönü has been selected as the research site due to being the historical centre of Ankara. Although there are studies concerned with the acoustical characteristics of mosques, there is not enough research focusing on user’s expectation and interpretation of the indoor soundscape within a historical space. This study adopts the user-focused grounded theory to capture individuals’ auditory sensation and interpretation of the indoor soundscape within a historical mosque. In-depth interviews are held with congregation of the mosque and with the individuals sitting around the surrounding area. Based on their subjective responses, a theoretical framework is generated to gain an insight on the factors that affect individuals understanding and expectation from mosques. The conceptual framework generated through grounded theory shows how indoor soundscape may influence their individuals’ response to the physical environment of the mosque showing the association between the soundscape elements, spatial function and place identity.Item Open Access A grounded theory approach to investigate the perceived soundscape of open-plan offices(Elsevier, 2018) Acun, Volkan; Yılmazer, SemihaThis paper presents the findings of a user focused soundscape survey, that took place in a visual task based and a computational task based open-plan office spaces. Aim of this study was to conduct a grounded theory survey which captures individuals’ subjective response to the soundscape and creating a conceptual framework in the end. In order to achieve this goal, acoustical environment and sound sources were identified. In-situ measurements of sound levels (LAeq) and simulations, prepared by Odeon Room Acoustics Software 13.10 Combined, were used to explore the acoustical environment of the office spaces. Grounded Theory was used as the main research method to create a conceptual soundscape framework, and to reveal employees perception of the soundscape of their work environment. As part of grounded theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted with forty-nine employees from both types of offices. The results showed how the task at hand were affected by the sound environment and employees’ characteristics. Sound that were not expected or out of context and those that interfere with the concentration demanding tasks caused a negative interpretation of the soundscape. Due to this, employees’ adopted coping methods such as, accepting and habituating, intervening to the sound source, or putting on headphones to isolate themselves from the soundscape. It was discovered during the interviews that employees were concerned with silence as much as they were concerned with the noise. Employees expressed that the sound of keyboard and mouse means that they are working at that moment, there are other people around, and they are not working alone, or not working overtime.Item Open Access Identification of individuals' emotional response to the indoor soundscape in public study areas via semantic differentiation(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2017) Acun, Volkan; Yilmazer, SemihaAims of this research is to identify individuals' emotional response to the sound environment of public study areas. The research has taken place in the public study areas of Bilkent University Campus. These study areas are located at the Dormitories, the Fine Arts Buildings, the library, and the Faculty of Science. In order to explore individuals' response to the auditory environment, a questionnaire survey and in-situ measurement of sound levels (LAeq) have been conducted. Questionnaire survey consisted of two main parts. In first part students have identified the sound source, how often they hear each one, and their satisfaction with the sound environment. Second part consisted of twelve seven point semantic differential scales (SD). Semantic scales were chosen in order to identify individuals' emotional response to the soundscape. Questionnaire survey are held with 30 student from each public study area, 120 students in total. The data gathered from the questionnaire survey are analysed using IBM SPSS 21 Statistics Software. Factor analysis was used to identify the perceptual dimensions of soundscape. Three factors were identify as a result of the analysis, which are, well-being, activity/communication and functionality. Even though the ANOVA F-Test found no statistically significant difference between the study areas in terms of satisfaction with the soundscapes, each areas has sound environment characteristics.Item Open Access Understanding the indoor soundscape in public transport spaces : a case study in Akköprü metro station, Ankara(SAGE Publications Inc., 2017) Yilmazer, S.; Bora, Z.Metro stations can be included in the indoor soundscape literature. This study examines the relationship between space recognition and soundmarks. Sound recordings were taken at various sites in and around a metro station and a listening test applied to investigate whether spaces could be recognized only by the sounds associated with them. For each sound recording, participants were asked to describe the recorded space from 17 adjective pairs and define the sound sources. The results are as follows: (1) only half of the participants were able to correctly determine the function of the spaces; (2) bird, wind, and water soundmarks were identified in the urban park near the metro station; pay gates and coin sounds were identified in the station entrance; and the metro train itself, as well as its brakes, doors, and announcement system, were identified on the underground platform; (3) for outdoor spaces, participants tended to choose adjectives such as pleasant, calming, or natural, while for indoor spaces they chose words such as unpleasant, stressing, and artificial; and (4) females on average are able to identify 30% more sounds correctly than males are, and younger age groups’ correct identification rate is greater than older groups’ by 10% on average. © The Author(s) 2017.