Bose-Einstein condensation in a one-dimensional interacting system due to power-law trapping potentials

Abstract

We examine the possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation in one-dimensional interacting Bose gas subjected to confining potentials of the form V ext(x) = V 0(|x|/a) γ, in which γ<2, by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation within the semiclassical two-fluid model. The condensate fraction, chemical potential, ground state energy, and specific heat of the system are calculated for various values of interaction strengths. Our results show that a significant fraction of the particles is in the lowest energy state for a finite number of particles at low temperature, indicating a phase transition for weakly interacting systems.