Mediation is one of the widely studied mechanisms of conflict management. The OSCE further pushes the concept of mediation in recent years, especially in the face of a number of conflicts in the region it covers. There is a huge literature on mediation. Most of these studies involve cases analysed with the help of theoretical frameworks. This research is a case study too. The notions put forward by the literature as the determinants of successful mediation are here applied to the case of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. More precisely, this study attempts to examine the OSCE mediation efforts in this conflict, aiming to illustrate the effect of the factors outlined by the literature on post-Cold War conflicts.